Total Mixed Ration (TMR)
✔️ Total mixed ration (TMR) is used to;
📍Achieve maximum performance
📍Nutritionally balanced ration
📍Cows consume as close as possible to their actual energy requirements
📍Maintaining the physical or roughage characteristics refer to as feed particle size
📍Proper rumen function
✔️ Good feeding management practices;
📍Monitor forage and feed inventory on a regular basis
📍Allocate to the appropriate animal group
📍Test forages and feeds several times throughout the year
✔️ Update ration formulations based on;
📍Milk production
📍Milk fat
📍Milk protein percent
📍Current body weight
📍Body condition scores
📍Moisture changes in forages and feed ingredients
📍Prices of current feeds
TMR can be formulated for;
📍Fresh cows
📍Post Fresh
📍High BCS
📍High
📍High MID
📍MID
📍Low Group
📍Late-lactation
📍Dry Animal or Far off
📍Close-up dry cows. Such multi-group strategies are particularly helpful for meeting the needs of dry cows.
For TMR feeding we can also grouped Animal according to there;
📍Actual or fat-corrected milk
📍Days in milk
📍Reproductive status
📍Age
📍Nutrient requirements
📍Health
Note: Different farms use different reasons for adopting strategies for using TMR and these based on farm manager decision based on many different reasons.
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