Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia /
Mycoplasmosis
Introduction:-
Effects mainly cattle
Two types of mycoplasma
involve
1: Mycoplasma mycoid sub
species mycoides
2: Mycoplasma bovine group-7,
cause arthritis of bovine mastitis
Other species which is
antigenicuae related are Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies pneumoniae (in
caprines)
4 other strains of
mycoplasma---- causes agalactia complexin caprines
M.mycoids, Agalactiae, M.
capricola, M.putrifaueres
According to OIE, list a
disease contagious of trade important in socio-economic importance (FMD, PPR,
HS...)
Route of infection:-
Inhalation (aerosol)
---5m-45m spread
This bacteria is resistant to
immune system but environmental susceptic
Mycoplasma---- not produce
endotoxin & no cell wall so poor age of immune system does not recognize it
(gram +ve and has more glycerol in the membrane)
Pathogenesis:-
Not clear
Gets entry through inhalation
---- enters lumen and causes sequester formation (localized of cause persistent infection) and
localized in bronchial--- cause septicemia (no blood supply) and effect various
type of organ and affects kidneys, brain, joints result in the death of the patient due
to thrombi formation in pulmonary vessels and death due to anoxia
Clinical Finding:-
Per acute: Sudden death
without signs within one week
Acute: common in cattle
Incubation period: 3-6 weeks
- The sudden rise of body temperature 105°F (40°C)
- Agalactiae
- Cessations of ruminal movements
- Anorexia
- The animal feels severe depression and lays behind the flock
Respiratory sign:-
- Exercise-induced coxyniry and thoracic pair
- Animal reluctant to move and stand with abduction elbows (chest
pain)
- Arches back and head extended forward
- Respiration will increase and shallow respiration
- Grunting sound on the expiration
- On percussion of the test, animal feel pain
- Initially, pleuritic frictional sounds and later on which fluid
accumulates then furyliry sound
- Edematous swelling at throat area, joints, dewlaps (in septicemic
and cause confusion with HS but in HS 6-72 hour’s death
Morbidity: 75%
Case Fertility: 50%
Chronic/Sub-acute form:-
- Clinically animal normal but there is sequester formation in lumps
- In sequester necrotic center of sufficient size burst when immune
decreases and cause septicemia and later toxemia
- Chronic cough is an indication
- No antibodies formation but in HS LPS so most acute death
Diagnosis:-
- Isolation and culturing difficult----- grow lately
- serological CFT and ELISA
- for culturing: PPlO agar is used to contain glycerol
In capricolum no glycerol
phosphatase but in mycoides glycerol phosphatase present
Control:-
- Vaccination
- DDX
- HS
- Anthrax
- TB
- BEF
- FMD
Treatment:-
- Tylosine drug of choice 20mg/kg (20%, L.A) tylogent, tylopen,
Fertylo, Tylo 20, G-Tylo
- Chloramphenicol 20mg/kg repeated 48 hours
- Oxytetra 10mg/kg 24 hour, 20mg/kg 48 hour
In thiamphenicol sulphur
replace it in chloramphenicol because there were side effects of aplastic
pneumonia
